在 CentOS 上安装和配置 OpenStack Nova
2011年08月17日 | 标签: centos, cloud, nova, openstack | 作者:vpsee
因为 Python 的版本问题,在 CentOS 5.6 上安装 OpenStack 不是件容易的事情,因为 OpenStack 是 Python 2.6 写的,CentOS 5.6 上默认的是 Python 2.4 的环境,一些关键工具(比如 yum 等)和依赖关系都需要 2.4,不容易直接升级到 2.6,所以要在 CentOS 上安装 OpenStack 的话简单的办法是直接用 CentOS 6.0(默认是 Python 2.6). OpenStack 的基本介绍以及如何在 Ubuntu 上安装 OpenStack Nova 可以看:在 Ubuntu 上安装和配置 OpenStack Nova. 对云计算平台感兴趣的朋友可以看看另一个开源的云计算系统:在 CentOS 上安装和配置 OpenNebula.
安装和配置基本系统
在安装完基本的 CentOS 6.0 系统后(最小化安装)升级和更新整个系统,然后关闭 SELINUX 后重启,为了简单方便最好也关闭 iptables:
# yum update # yum upgrade # vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=disabled # chkconfig iptables off # service iptables stop # shutdown -r now
安装 OpenStack Nova
下载和安装 OpenStack 源:
# wget http://yum.griddynamics.net/yum/diablo-3/openstack/openstack-repo-2011.3-0.3.noarch.rpm # rpm -ivh openstack-repo-2011.3-0.3.noarch.rpm
OpenStack Nova 需要在控制结点(Cloud Controller)和计算结点(Cloud Compute)上都安装和启用 libvirtd:
# yum install libvirt # chkconfig libvirtd on # service libvirtd start
如果服务器用来做 Cloud Controller 结点需要安装(OpenStack Nova 云里至少要有一台服务器作为控制结点):
# yum install euca2ools openstack-nova-node-full unzip
如果服务器只是做 Cloud Compute 结点则需要在每个计算结点上都安装(理论上 OpenStack Nova 云里可以有无数个计算结点):
# yum install openstack-nova-node-compute
配置 MySQL 数据库
OpenStack Nova 需要数据库的支持,这里用的是 MySQL:
# service mysqld start # chkconfig mysqld on # service rabbitmq-server start # chkconfig rabbitmq-server on
修改 MySQL 绑定地址,以便其他的节点服务器也能访问这个数据库:
# vi /etc/my.cnf ... #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 bind-address = 0.0.0.0 ... # service mysql restart
创建一个名为 nova 的数据库,并设置 root 从任何 IP 访问的权限和密码:
# mysql -uroot -ppassword -e 'CREATE DATABASE nova;' # mysql -uroot -ppassword -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO \ 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;" # mysql -uroot -ppassword -e "SET PASSWORD FOR \ 'root'@'%' = PASSWORD('password');"
配置 Nova:
$ sudo vi /etc/nova/nova.conf --verbose=false --ec2_url=http://172.16.39.111:8773/services/Cloud --s3_host=172.16.39.111 --cc_host=172.16.39.111 --rabbit_host=172.16.39.111 --sql_connection=mysql://nova:nova@172.16.39.111/nova --glance_api_servers=172.16.39.111:9292 --use_s3=true --libvirt_type=kvm --use_syslog=false --node_availability_zone=nova --logdir=/var/log/nova --logging_context_format_string=%(asctime)s %(name)s: %(levelname)s [%(request_id)s %(user)s %(project)s] %(message)s --logging_default_format_string=%(asctime)s %(name)s: %(message)s --logging_debug_format_suffix= --use_cow_images=true --auth_driver=nova.auth.dbdriver.DbDriver --network_manager=nova.network.manager.VlanManager --scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.zone.ZoneScheduler --image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService --use_ipv6=false --ca_path=/var/lib/nova/CA --keys_path=/var/lib/nova/keys --images_path=/var/lib/nova/images --buckets_path=/var/lib/nova/buckets --instances_path=/var/lib/nova/instances --networks_path=/var/lib/nova/networks --dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf --dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge --injected_network_template=/usr/share/nova/interfaces/ --libvirt_xml_template=/usr/share/nova/libvirt.xml.template --vpn_client_template=/usr/share/nova/client.ovpn.template --credentials_template=/usr/share/nova/novarc.template --state_path=/var/lib/nova --lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp --vnc_enabled=true --vncproxy_url=http://172.16.39.111:6080 --vncserver_host=0.0.0.0 --vnc_token_ttl=300
每次重启一堆服务很麻烦,写个脚本方便重启 nova 所有服务:
# vi nova-restart-all.sh #!/bin/bash for n in api compute network objectstore scheduler vncproxy; do service openstack-nova-$n restart; done service openstack-glance-api restart service openstack-glance-registry restart # chmod +x nova-restart-all.sh # ./nova-restart-all.sh
使用 Nova
接下来的步骤和在 Ubuntu 上安装和配置 OpenStack Nova 差不多,这里就不再赘述:
# nova-manage db sync # nova-manage network create 192.168.0.0/24 1 255 # nova-manage floating create 10.10.10.2 10.10.10.224/27 # nova-manage user admin vpsee # nova-manage project create mycloud vpsee
导出权限信息:
# mkdir /home/vpsee/creds # nova-manage project zipfile mycloud vpsee /home/vpsee/creds/novacreds.zip # cd /home/vpsee/creds # unzip novacreds.zip # chown -R vpsee:vpsee /home/vpsee/creds/ # source /home/vpsee/creds/novarc
再次重启 nova 相关的所有服务:
# ./nova-restart-all.sh
如果一切正常的话,应该可以看到下面的类似信息,这样 OpenStack Nova 就成功安装了:
# euca-describe-availability-zones verbose AVAILABILITYZONE nova available AVAILABILITYZONE |- node00 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-network enabled :-) 2011-08-16 19:28:13 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-compute enabled :-) 2011-08-16 19:28:22 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-scheduler enabled :-) 2011-08-16 19:28:14
启动第一个实例
启动实例之前需要先上传一个系统模版(称之为镜像 image),自己制作 image 有点麻烦,可以参考:为 OpenStack Nova 制作 Ubuntu 镜像 和 为 OpenStack Nova 制作 Windows 镜像。
有了 image 后就可以启动实例了,就像在 C++/Java 等面向对象语言里面有了类(class)以后可以创建实例(instance)一样,这里有了 OS image 以后就可以创建 OS instance 了。启动和访问实例可以看这篇 的相关部分。
学习了
centos6.0 貌似有点问题 安装控制节点和计算节点时依赖有问题
莫非 必须最小安装才可以?
(nova.exception): TRACE: return self.driver.update_available_resource(context, self.host)
(nova.exception): TRACE: File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/connection.py”, line 1374, in update_available_resource
(nova.exception): TRACE: ‘hypervisor_version’: self.get_hypervisor_version(),
(nova.exception): TRACE: File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/connection.py”, line 1258, in get_hypervisor_version
(nova.exception): TRACE: return method()
(nova.exception): TRACE: File “/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/libvirt.py”, line 1853, in getVersion
(nova.exception): TRACE: if ret == -1: raise libvirtError (‘virConnectGetVersion() failed’, conn=self)
(nova.exception): TRACE: libvirtError: internal error Cannot find suitable emulator for x86_64
(nova.exception): TRACE:
2011-10-07 06:33:59,759 nova: internal error Cannot find suitable emulator for x86_64
报这种错误是什么原因呢?
这是在重启openstack-nova-compute时,在/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log中报的。我用的是在虚拟机中安装的centos6 x86_64的系统。请高手指教。
yum源服务器:yum.griddynamics.net的服务关闭了?
@vpsee
用nova-manage network create创建网络的时候nova-manage.log里输出如下:是什么原因呢?
–bridge_interface is required to create a network.
@longhudou
ifconfig 看看有没有 br100?然后看看用 nova manage network create 192.168.3.0/24 1 256 –bridge_interface=eth0 命令看看。注意,openstack 在飞速发展中,以前的命令和参数可能都有变化,注意这篇写文章的时间。
@vpsee
我想用xen,而不是kvm,你上面给出的是控制节点的安装过程,不知道用xen的话控制节点的配置文件里–libvirt_type=kvm是不是改为xen就行了?计算节点是不是就简单的把nova.conf复制过去就行了呢?官方文档提到you must install openstack-compute on domU是什么意思呢?
控制节点上执行euca-describe-availability-zones verbose显示如下
nova-manage service list
nova1 nova-compute enabled XXX None
nova1 nova-network enabled :-) 2011-11-10 10:22:27
nova1 nova-scheduler enabled :-) 2011-11-10 10:22:29
nova1 nova-vncproxy enabled :-) 2011-11-10 10:22:30
nova2 nova-compute enabled XXX None
nova3 nova-compute enabled XXX None
nova4 nova-compute enabled XXX None
不知道是什么原因?
@longhudou
你用的是默认的VlanManager吧,在nova.conf加上–vlan_interface=eth0
可以参考官网上的OpenStack Compute Administration Manual
@longhudou
必须在 domU 上安装 openstack-compute,建议先看看我们其他文章了解一下 Xen.
@longhudou
nova-compute 服务不成功,原因很多,可以看看 log
按照这个步骤再执行[root@nova1 ~]# euca-describe-availability-zones verbose
[Errno 111] Connection refused
[root@nova1 ~]# netstat -tnap | grep 3333
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3333 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5814/python
[root@nova1 ~]# netstat -tnap | grep 8773
[root@nova1 ~]# cd /root/cert
显示上面的错误,8773端口没被监听?不知道是什么问题,log中也没错误。
CentOS6.2 + KVM + libvirt-0.9.4-23.el6_2.4.x86_64
当执行
virsh -c qemu:///system
没有反应,必须用Ctrl+C来结束命令
———————其网络设置如下———————
vi ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:00:EE:6E
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0
vi ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.160
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
ONBOOT=yes
openstack-nova-node-full 为何centos 找不到呢?是不是
openstack-nova-compute.noarch 2011.1.1-4 openstack-nova
openstack-nova-compute-config.noarch 2011.1.1-1 openstack-nova
@Percy
需要安装 openstack-repo-2011.3-0.3.noarch.rpm 源先。
你好,我的rabbitmq-server 启动的时候永远是FAILED,是什么问题啊
报错的信息差不多是TCP_Listener部分的问题。
@megacreep,这是因为你可能把另外的程序在占用5672这个端口,看看qpidd有没有运行
谢谢楼主的诸多回复,给了我很大的帮助~
怎么在 centos 7.0 中配置安装呢
ERROR : Error appeared during Puppet run: 192.168.10.60_prescript.pp
Error: Could not connect to NetworkManager.
You will find full trace in log /var/tmp/packstack/20140924-085821-vHgCCb/manifests/192.168.10.60_prescript.pp.log
Please check log file /var/tmp/packstack/20140924-085821-vHgCCb/openstack-setup.log for more information
Additional information:
* A new answerfile was created in: /root/packstack-answers-20140924-085821.txt
* Time synchronization installation was skipped. Please note that unsynchronized time on server instances might be problem for some OpenStack components.
* Did not create a cinder volume group, one already existed
* File /root/keystonerc_admin has been created on OpenStack client host 192.168.10.60. To use the command line tools you need to source the file.
* To access the OpenStack Dashboard browse to http://192.168.10.60/dashboard .
Please, find your login credentials stored in the keystonerc_admin in your home directory.
* To use Nagios, browse to http://192.168.10.60/nagios username: nagiosadmin, password: b22d923fda254807
亲!这个错误什么问题导致的呢?
[root@linux-node2 ~]# nova-compute –config-file=/etc/nova/nova.conf
2015-01-01 18:54:02.048 3914 DEBUG nova.servicegroup.api [-] ServiceGroup driver defined as an instance of db __new__ /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/servicegroup/api.py:65
2015-01-01 18:54:02.267 3914 INFO nova.openstack.common.periodic_task [-] Skipping periodic task _periodic_update_dns because its interval is negative
2015-01-01 18:54:02.416 3914 DEBUG stevedore.extension [-] found extension EntryPoint.parse(‘file = nova.image.download.file’) _load_plugins /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/stevedore/extension.py:156
2015-01-01 18:54:02.422 3914 ERROR stevedore.extension [-] Could not load ‘file’: cannot import name util
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 ERROR stevedore.extension [-] cannot import name util
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension Traceback (most recent call last):
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/stevedore/extension.py”, line 162, in _load_plugins
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension verify_requirements,
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/stevedore/extension.py”, line 178, in _load_one_plugin
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension plugin = ep.load(require=verify_requirements)
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pkg_resources.py”, line 1948, in load
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), [‘__name__’])
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/image/download/file.py”, line 23, in
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension import nova.virt.libvirt.utils as lv_utils
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/__init__.py”, line 15, in
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension from nova.virt.libvirt import driver
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py”, line 59, in
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension from eventlet import util as eventlet_util
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension ImportError: cannot import name util
2015-01-01 18:54:02.423 3914 TRACE stevedore.extension
2015-01-01 18:54:02.428 3914 INFO nova.virt.driver [-] Loading compute driver ‘libvirt.LibvirtDriver’
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 ERROR nova.virt.driver [-] Unable to load the virtualization driver
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver Traceback (most recent call last):
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/driver.py”, line 1299, in load_compute_driver
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver virtapi)
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/openstack/common/importutils.py”, line 52, in import_object_ns
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver return import_class(import_str)(*args, **kwargs)
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/openstack/common/importutils.py”, line 33, in import_class
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())))
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver ImportError: Class LibvirtDriver cannot be found ([‘Traceback (most recent call last):\n’, ‘ File “/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/openstack/common/importutils.py”, line 29, in import_class\n return getattr(sys.modules[mod_str], class_str)\n’, “AttributeError: ‘module’ object has no attribute ‘LibvirtDriver’\n”])
2015-01-01 18:54:02.445 3914 TRACE nova.virt.driver
[root@linux-node2 ~]#